For its size, Barbados boasts a large international airport with dozens of flights arriving in the high season from the UK and Canada as well as the United States.
Buses run from a stop across the road from the airport up the coast to Bridgetown, but a taxi is the most convenient way to get to your hotel on arrival.
Many cruise ships dock in Bridgetown, and in fact the Bridgetown deep water harbour has just been expanded to accommodate even more vessels. Private moorings are available around the island. Note- stiff penalties prohibit the dropping of anchors on coral reefs.
The bus system is extensive, cheap, and fast, if you're headed to somewhere on the main route, but a car (or mini-moke) is the only way to see many of the out-of-the-way sights. Many of the drivers will hold a bus for you if they see you're from out of town reflecting the typical welcoming spirit.
There are also more than enough taxis to take you wherever you need to go on the island for reasonable prices.
Mopeds and bikes can also be rented, on the island, to explore sites that aren't easily reached by cars.
Another fun way to get around is to rent a moke available from any number of local car rental agencies.
If you are driving, roads on the island are generally quite narrow, with the exception of the ABC highway. It is advisable to be extra cautious as many roads on the island have sharp turns, steep inclines, and are generally quite bumpy, although most are paved. Many of these proclaimed highways do not have sidewalks, so there can be pedestrians on the street sharing the road.
Many bus stops are also on the side of roads where there are no sidewalks.
Buses do run from the capital city, Bridgetown, but not frequent enough to be useful. Expect long walks between sites if you do manage to find a bus out here.
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